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[Pulmonary complications in diabetes mellitus]
Recenti Progressi in Medicina
|December 1, 1996
Summary
Diabetes mellitus affects the lungs, causing structural changes and increasing infection risk. This research highlights pulmonary complications in diabetic patients, including infections like tuberculosis and mucormycosis.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Pathology
Context:
- The lung is often overlooked as a target organ in diabetes mellitus.
- Existing literature indicates significant pulmonary alterations in diabetic patients.
- Histopathological changes correlate with functional lung abnormalities.
Purpose:
- To review the impact of diabetes mellitus on lung structure and function.
- To explore the pathogenesis of diabetic lung disease, including nonenzymatic glycosylation.
- To examine the increased susceptibility to pulmonary infections in diabetic individuals.
Summary:
- Diabetes mellitus leads to thickened basal lamina, reduced lung elasticity, and impaired lung volumes and diffusion capacity.
- Nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins is implicated in the connective tissue alterations.
- Diabetic autonomic neuropathy affects airway tone, reducing bronchial reactivity.
- Diabetics exhibit a higher incidence of tuberculosis and fungal infections like mucormycosis, with impaired leukocyte function contributing to susceptibility.
Impact:
- Highlights the lung as a significant target organ in diabetes mellitus.
- Underscores the need for vigilance regarding pulmonary complications in diabetic patients.
- Emphasizes the role of impaired immune function and structural changes in increased infection risk.