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Electrical conductivity of pH-responsive hydrogels

N F Sheppard1, M J Lesho, R C Tucker

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Electrical conductivity in pH-responsive hydrogels changes with swelling. Highly swollen gels show higher conductivity, offering a new method for characterizing these important biomaterials.

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • pH-responsive hydrogels exhibit volume phase transitions influenced by environmental pH.
  • Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) copolymers are pH-sensitive due to the tertiary amine groups.
  • Understanding ion transport within hydrogels is crucial for their application in drug delivery and sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrical conductivity of pH-responsive hydrogels as a function of pH.
  • To correlate conductivity with the swelling state of the hydrogel membranes.
  • To evaluate the applicability of conductivity measurements for characterizing hydrogel properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) copolymers with varying amine content (up to 20 mol%).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured electrical conductivity of hydrogel membranes across a pH range of 5-10 using a modified side-by-side diffusion cell.
  • Equilibrated hydrogels in buffered potassium chloride solutions to determine conductivity relative to the buffer.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrogel conductivity varied significantly with pH, ranging from 1% to 70% of buffer conductivity.
    • Lower conductivity (1%) was observed in the collapsed state, while higher conductivity (70%) corresponded to the most swollen state.
    • Results were consistent with a model incorporating Donnan partitioning for ion concentration and free-volume theory for ion mobility.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrical conductivity is a sensitive indicator of hydrogel swelling and ion transport.
    • Conductivity measurements provide a viable alternative to diffusive transport studies for characterizing hydrogel membranes.
    • This research offers insights into the fundamental properties of pH-responsive hydrogels for advanced material applications.