Recent advances in hydrogels loaded with plant-derived pure small molecules intervening in immune pathways to...

In the field of diabetic ulcer treatment, plant-derived pure small molecular compounds loaded in hydrogels have shown significant potential value and importance. However, existing literature on hydrogel dressings for the treatment of diabetic ulcers, although achieving certain therapeutic effects, primarily presents results related to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, without explaining the underlying immune pathway mechanisms for achieving such effects. Therefore, this paper first briefly introduces the current status of diabetic ulcers and the relevant classical immune pathway mechanisms involved in their pathological processes. Subsequently, it discusses the advantages and limitations of hydrogels and plant-derived pure small molecular compounds in regulating cells and tissues. Finally, it focuses on the latest research progress in using the combination of hydrogels and plant-derived pure small molecular compounds to intervene in immune processes for the treatment of diabetic ulcers. This approach leverages the advantages of the combined use of hydrogels and plant-derived small molecules, such as providing a favorable environment for tissue recovery and enabling more sustained and effective targeting of relevant immune pathways. Ultimately, this work aims to provide new insights and perspectives for the subsequent development of advanced hydrogels loaded with natural small molecular compounds for diabetic wound healing.