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Related Experiment Videos

Entoptic evaluation of diabetic retinopathy

R A Applegate1, A Bradley, W A van Heuven

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-6230, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|April 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Untrained patients with diabetes can visualize their own retinal defects using a vascular entoptoscope, aiding in early detection of diabetic retinopathy. This noninvasive method shows promise for monitoring disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetic Retinopathy Research
  • Medical Imaging Techniques

Background:

  • Optimized entoptic viewing reveals greater detail of retinal vasculature than fluorescein angiography.
  • Previous studies demonstrated normal subjects' ability to see their own capillaries with high detail.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of untrained individuals with diabetes in detecting their own parafoveal retinal defects using entoptic viewing.
  • To assess the potential of entoptic testing for monitoring diabetic retinopathy.

Main Methods:

  • A vascular entoptoscope with Maxwellian view optics was used to visualize parafoveal retinal vasculature.
  • A double-masked protocol involved 70 patients with diabetes and 29 controls describing, drawing, and quantifying their entoptic images.

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  • Entoptic records were compared with concurrently obtained angiograms and color photographs.

    • Main Results:

    • 61 of 70 diabetic patients had retinal defects; 51% detected these defects entoptically.
    • Sensitivity and specificity for detecting parafoveal defects were 51% and 82%, respectively.
    • Most subjects could quantify their foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size entoptically, exceeding the visibility in fluorescein angiograms.

    Conclusions:

    • Over half of untrained diabetic patients visualized their parafoveal retinopathy entoptically.
    • Entoptic testing is a low-cost, noninvasive, and safe method for subjective monitoring of early parafoveal disease processes.
    • This technique shows potential for clinical monitoring and research into the natural history of diabetic retinopathy.