Endothelin-1's chronome indicates diabetic and vascular disease chronorisk

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Physiology
• Chronobiology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide implicated in cardiovascular health.
• Understanding the temporal patterns (chronome) of ET-1 may reveal new insights into its role in disease.
• Circadian rhythms influence various physiological processes, including cardiovascular regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the circadian variation and time structure (chronome) of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1).
• To assess alterations in the ET-1 chronome associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
• To determine if diabetes and vascular disease affect ET-1's rhythmometric parameters.

Main Methods:

• Plasma ET-1 levels were measured longitudinally over 24 hours in 72 healthy subjects.
• Cosinor analysis was employed to assess circadian parameters and other recurrent variations.
• Multifactorial analyses of variance and linear regressions were used to correlate chronome alterations with risk factors.

Main Results:

• The rhythm-adjusted mean (MESOR) of plasma ET-1 was significantly elevated in subjects with diabetes and vascular disease.
• Diabetes was associated with an increased circadian amplitude of ET-1.
• A circadian variation was detected in a subgroup of low-risk subjects, influenced by various frequency components.

Conclusions:

• Plasma endothelin-1 exhibits significant circadian variation.
• Diabetes and vascular disease are associated with altered ET-1 chronome, including elevated levels and increased amplitude.
• These findings highlight the importance of considering circadian patterns in ET-1 for cardiovascular risk assessment.