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Chronic left ventricular assist in calves with a pulsatile impeller pump
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science & Technology, Zhenjiang, Peoples Republic of China.
ASAIO Journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
|January 1, 1997
Summary
This study tested an impeller pump as a left ventricular assist device in calves, achieving over six weeks of survival. Bearing failure was the main issue, prompting investigation into magnetic bearings for improved pump function.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Research
- Medical Device Development
Background:
- Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are crucial for managing heart failure.
- Previous impeller pump designs faced limitations requiring further evaluation for clinical use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy and safety of an impeller pump as a left ventricular assist device in a preclinical calf model.
- To identify failure modes and areas for improvement in the impeller pump design for long-term implantation.
Main Methods:
- Evaluation of an impeller pump as an LVAD in a calf model.
- Monitoring of calf survival times and hemochemical parameters.
- Analysis of explanted devices to determine failure mechanisms.
Main Results:
- The impeller pump demonstrated sustained function, with the longest survival exceeding six weeks (62, 54, and 46 days).
- Hemochemical analysis revealed no significant blood damage or organ dysfunction during the experimental period.
- All experiments were terminated due to mechanical bearing failure, indicating this as the primary limitation.
Conclusions:
- The impeller pump shows promise as a viable LVAD, evidenced by prolonged survival and lack of hemocompatibility issues in calves.
- Bearing failure is the critical factor limiting the device's longevity.
- Future iterations should incorporate advanced bearing solutions, such as magnetic bearings, to enhance device durability and clinical potential.