Benidipine counteracts sodium-induced alterations in systemic and regional hemodynamics

We compared hemodynamic and humoral responses to benidipine and nifedipine during different sodium intakes in essential hypertensives. The study had a single-blind crossover design. Doppler flowmetry and laboratory examinations were performed. During low sodium intake, both benidipine and nifedipine significantly reduced mean arterial pressure to the same extent. Benidipine increased cardiac index, superior mesenteric and renal flows, whereas nifedipine had no effect on either cardiac index or regional blood flows. In the salt-sensitive patients whose mean arterial pressure increased more than 5 mmHg during high sodium intake, sodium loading increased cardiac index and terminal aortic flow, but decreased superior mesenteric and renal flows, while plasma noradrenaline concentrations remained unchanged and plasma arginine vasopressin increased significantly. These hemodynamic responses to sodium in the salt-sensitive patients were more effectively inhibited by benidipine than by nifedipine, although neither of them had any influence on sodium-induced changes in plasma noradrenaline or arginine vasopressin concentration.