Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2026

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
08:59

Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates

Published on: November 23, 2016

Enzyme affinity in the acylation of lysophosphatidylcholine

B Wittels, S Hurlbert

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |October 24, 1977
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry12:49

    Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

    Published on: April 4, 2018

    Click-Chemistry Based Fluorometric Assay for Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase from Enzyme Characterization to High-Throughput Screening07:37

    Click-Chemistry Based Fluorometric Assay for Apolipoprotein N-acyltransferase from Enzyme Characterization to High-Throughput Screening

    Published on: May 13, 2020

    Related Concept Videos

    Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane01:27

    Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

    The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
    The major components of all eukaryotic cell...
    Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines01:19

    Amines to Amides: Acylation of Amines

    Various carboxylic acid derivatives (such as acid chlorides, esters, and anhydrides) can be used for the acylation of amines to yield amides. The reaction requires two equivalents of amines. The first amine molecule functions as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon to produce a tetrahedral intermediate. This is followed by the loss of the leaving group and restoration of the C=O bond.
    Next, the second equivalent of amine serves as a Brønsted base and deprotonates the quaternary amide...
    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:22

    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

    Cholinergic agonists or cholinomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. They are categorized into direct-acting and indirect-acting agents. The direct-acting cholinergic drugs induce the parasympathetic response by directly binding to the muscarinic or nicotine receptors. In comparison, the indirect-acting cholinergic drugs prevent acetylcholine hydrolysis, indirectly contributing to the extended parasympathetic response.
    The direct-acting...
    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics01:31

    Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

    Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...
    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action01:18

    Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action

    Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
    Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
    Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions01:24

    Phase II Reactions: Acetylation Reactions

    Acetylation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, introduces an acetyl group to drugs or their metabolites. Acetyltransferase enzymes facilitate this reaction, which resembles α-amino acid conjugation due to the addition of a functional group to the drug molecule.
    The substrates for acetylation are typically drugs or their metabolites with an amino, sulfonamide, or hydrazine functional group. Acetylation can occur at several points in the drug molecule, including primary, secondary, and...