[Effects of topical corticosteroids on subepithelial haze after excimer laser corneal surgery--objective and...

To examine the effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in decreasing subepithelial haze induced by excimer laser keratectomy, we performed excimer laser keratectomy on 24 eyes of 12 albino rabbits using a scanning excimer laser system (EC-5000, NIDEK, Japan). Topical dexamethasone 0.1% was applied topically to 8 corneas after surgery (steroid group), but not to the others (control group). Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination and objective measurement of scattered light from subepithelial haze were performed before and 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, the rabbits were killed after 2 or 12 weeks and the eyes were examined histologically. In both groups, densitometric values of scattered light intensity increased up to 4 weeks after surgery, and then decreased gradually. However, the values of the steroid group were larger than those of the control group at all stages, and the values of the steroid group at 12 weeks after surgery were similar to preoperative values. There was statistically significant difference in scattered light intensity between the two groups (p < 0.005). Two weeks after surgery, the corneas of the control group showed epithelial hyperplasia and a remarkable increase in activated keratocytes and subepithelial fibrous tissues. However, in the steroid group these light microscopic findings could not be observed. At 12 weeks after surgery, the corneas of the control group retained a small amount of activated keratocytes and fibrous tissues, and those of the steroid group were normal. This study suggests that a short course of topical corticosteroids may be very effective in decreasing subepithelial haze after excimer laser corneal surgery.