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Practice modifies the developing automatic postural response

H Sveistrup1, M H Woollacott

  • 1School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Experimental Brain Research
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Infant experience with postural tasks improves automatic postural responses. Training increased muscle activation probability and the number of muscles used, but not response speed.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental motor control
  • Infant motor development
  • Postural control mechanisms

Background:

  • Automatic postural responses are crucial for maintaining balance.
  • Understanding how experience shapes these responses in infants is key to developmental research.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the impact of specific postural task experience on infant postural control components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how experience with a specific postural task affects key components of automatic postural responses in infants.
  • To analyze the probability of muscle activation, the number of muscles activated, and their onset latencies.
  • To determine if targeted training enhances these automatic postural responses.

Main Methods:

  • 15 infants (36-48 weeks) performed a postural task involving platform perturbations (forward/backward sway).

Related Experiment Videos

  • A training group received intensive perturbation training between two test sessions; a control group did not.
  • Electromyograms of leg and trunk muscles were recorded to analyze muscle activation probability, number of muscles activated, and onset latencies.

    • Main Results:

    • The training group showed significantly increased probability of activating appropriate postural muscles (tibialis anterior, quadriceps, abdominals for backward sway; gastrocnemius for forward sway).
    • The number of functionally appropriate postural muscles activated per trial also increased in the training group.
    • No significant changes were observed in mean muscle onset latencies or antagonist coactivation for either group.

    Conclusions:

    • Experience with a postural task selectively enhances specific parameters of the automatic postural response in developing infants.
    • Targeted training can improve the recruitment and coordination of postural muscles.
    • Developmental plasticity in automatic postural control is demonstrated through task-specific experience.