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Functional effects of polymorphisms of house dust mite allergens
W R Thomas1, W Smith, B J Hales
1Division of Molecular Biology, TVW Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, West Perth, Australia.
Background:
Sequence polymorphisms have been found in cDNA clones of commercial house dust mites. Here we report on the polymorphisms of Der p 1 found in environmental mites and the effect of the polymorphisms on T cell proliferation.
Methods:
Sequences were obtained from DNA amplified from single mites by PCR. Synthetic peptides were used to stimulate peripheral blood cells.
Results:
The polymorphism was limited to a few residues, but regional differences were detected in mites in Wagga. T cells were specific for the polymorphisms, so that in 16 of 17 responses, stimulation was achieved with one form of the peptide. This included peptides with Ala and Val at position 124 in the immunodominant 110-133 region. Peptide 45-63 also stimulated frequently, but only with Tyr at position 50 and not His, a residue only found in commercial mites.
Conclusions:
Polymorphisms of Der p 1 are found in the environment and have a profound effect on polyclonal T cell stimulation to frequently recognised epitopes.