Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 1, 2026

In Vivo SiRNA Transfection and Gene Knockdown in Spinal Cord via Rapid Noninvasive Lumbar Intrathecal Injections in Mice
Published on: March 22, 2014
[Analgesic effects of natural growth hormone release inhibitors and their synthetic analogs. Intraspinal
D Beltrutti1, F Debernardi, G Pelosi
1Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, USL 18, Ospedale Santo Spirito, Bra (Cuneo).
Abstract:
The authors examine the pharmacological characteristics, distribution and clinical effects of natural (somatostatin) and synthetic (octreotide) growth hormone release inhibitors (GHRIH). They mainly discuss the analgesic effect of these substances using intraspinal, epidural and subarachnoid administration. The intraspinal use of somatostatin and its synthetic analog, octreotide, are not without risks: among these, it is worth recalling the neurotoxic and vasomotor effects. Further studies may more clearly define these and other secondary effects and also the real indications for these drugs in the context of analgesics for intraspinal use. It is hypothesised that somatostatin and octreotide, owing to their analgesic capacities, may replace the intraspinal administration of opioids in a number of clearly defined clinical conditions, such as severe pain in which opioids are contraindicated.
Related Concept Videos
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Analgesia and Pain Management
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...

