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Nicardipine for controlled hypotension during orthognathic surgery
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|May 1, 1997
Summary
Nicardipine effectively induced controlled hypotension in adolescents undergoing orthognathic surgery. This intravenous dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker demonstrated efficacy with no noted adverse effects in this patient group.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Background:
- Nicardipine is an intravenous dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker known for vasodilatory effects.
- Its use for controlled hypotension has been established in orthopedic surgery but not widely reported in maxillofacial surgery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nicardipine for achieving controlled hypotension during orthognathic surgery in adolescents.
Main Methods:
- Nine adolescents (ages 11–16) undergoing orthognathic surgery received nicardipine infusion starting at 5 micrograms/kg/min.
- The target mean arterial pressure was maintained between 50–65 mmHg.
Main Results:
- The target mean arterial pressure was achieved within 2–12 minutes (mean 5.5 minutes).
- Intraoperative nicardipine infusion rates ranged from 1–7 micrograms/kg/min (mean 3.6 micrograms/kg/min).
- No adverse effects associated with nicardipine administration were observed.
Conclusions:
- Nicardipine appears to be an effective agent for controlled hypotension in adolescents undergoing orthognathic surgery.
- Further research is needed to compare nicardipine with other agents like sodium nitroprusside or adrenergic antagonists.
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