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Related Experiment Videos

A digital computer technique for analyzing respiratory muscle EMG's

E N Bruce, M D Goldman, J Mead

    Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology
    |September 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel method for processing respiratory muscle electromyograms (EMG) to extract a continuous breathing signal. The technique effectively isolates respiratory patterns from noise, aiding in the analysis of breathing mechanics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Electromyograms (EMG) of respiratory muscles reflect neural drive to breathe.
    • Extracting a clean, continuous respiratory signal from EMG is challenging due to noise and artifacts.
    • Understanding respiratory muscle activity is crucial for diagnosing and managing respiratory disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a method for extracting a continuous respiratory signal from electromyograms (EMG).
    • To demonstrate the efficacy of the method in capturing respiratory pressure and flow waveform periodicity.
    • To show the method's ability to process diaphragmatic EMG in humans and rabbits under varying respiratory conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Band-pass filtering EMG (50-500 Hz), digitization, and full-wave rectification.

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  • Nonlinear voltage windowing to reduce electrocardiogram (ECG) and other artifacts.
  • Low-pass filtering with a digital moving averager and ensemble averaging for respiratory cycle waveform generation.

    • Main Results:

    • A continuous signal reflecting respiratory pressure and flow periodicity was successfully extracted.
    • The method effectively reduced noise, including ECG artifacts.
    • Processed diaphragmatic EMG waveforms demonstrated sensitivity to changes in inspired CO2 and end-expiratory lung volume.

    Conclusions:

    • The described signal processing method provides a robust way to extract respiratory muscle activity.
    • This technique can yield a continuous breathing signal suitable for analyzing respiratory mechanics.
    • The method is applicable to diaphragmatic EMG analysis in different species and under various physiological conditions.