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Related Experiment Videos

Age differences in, and consequences of, multiple- and variable-strategy use on a multitrial sort-recall task

T R Coyle1, D F Bjorklund

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.

Developmental Psychology
|March 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Children

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Children's strategy use in recall tasks is complex.
  • Developmental changes in strategy selection are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between multiple-strategy use and recall performance in children.
  • To examine age-related differences and intertrial variability in strategy selection.
  • To explore the impact of strategy stability on recall outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Second, 3rd, and 4th graders completed 5 sort-recall trials with categorized items.
  • Researchers assessed multiple-strategy use on each trial.
  • Intertrial changes in strategy use were correlated with recall levels.

Main Results:

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  • Multiple-strategy use increased with age but was present across all grades.
  • Higher strategy use correlated with better recall in 4th graders, and later trials for younger children.
  • Children exhibited significant variability in strategy use between trials.

Conclusions:

  • Variable and multiple-strategy use is common in child development, not an exception.
  • Strategy stability, not just use, is linked to high recall performance.
  • Developmental research should consider utilization deficiencies where strategies may not always aid performance.