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Decrease in HDV endemicity in Italy

E Sagnelli1, T Stroffolini, A Ascione

  • 1Clinic for Tropical Diseases, Second University of Naples, Italy.

Journal of Hepatology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) endemicity in Italy significantly decreased between 1987 and 1992. This reduction in HDV infection prevalence suggests a decline in transmission among chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a significant cause of severe liver disease in individuals with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  • Assessing HDV endemicity is crucial for understanding liver disease burden and guiding public health interventions.
  • Previous studies indicated varying levels of HDV prevalence among chronic Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in Italy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate temporal changes in Hepatitis D virus (HDV) endemicity in Italy.
  • To compare HDV prevalence in chronic HBsAg carriers between 1987 and 1992.
  • To identify factors contributing to any observed variations in HDV prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • A multicentre study comparing data from 1987 and 1992.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized consistent methodology for case recruitment across 31 liver units.
  • Analyzed anti-HD antibody prevalence in HBsAg chronic carriers.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall anti-HD prevalence decreased from 23.4% in 1987 to 14.4% in 1992 (p < 0.01).
    • This significant reduction was observed across all geographical regions, genders, and age groups under 50.
    • A notable decrease in anti-HD prevalence occurred in all forms of chronic hepatitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis D virus endemicity in Italy has demonstrably decreased.
    • Potential contributing factors include a smaller pool of HBsAg carriers, smaller family sizes, improved socioeconomic conditions, and altered intravenous drug use behaviors.
    • These changes likely weakened HDV transmission dynamics, leading to reduced viral spread.