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Origin of the biologically important elements

V Trimble1

  • 1Astronomy Department, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA.

Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere : the Journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
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Life on Earth relies on common cosmic elements like hydrogen and carbon. Understanding element creation in stars and the early Universe is key to comprehending chemical evolution and potentially habitable planets.

Area of Science:

  • Astrochemistry
  • Nuclear Astrophysics
  • Cosmology

Background:

  • Terrestrial life predominantly uses abundant cosmic elements: hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen.
  • The chemical composition of the Universe directly influences the potential for life and its characteristics.
  • The origin of these essential elements is rooted in stellar nucleosynthesis and early Universe processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the nuclear processes responsible for generating common and sociologically significant elements.
  • To investigate the history of galactic chemical evolution from primordial hydrogen and helium to the current mix.
  • To assess the implications of our understanding of chemical evolution for estimating habitable exoplanets.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established nuclear processes in stars and the early Universe.

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  • Analysis of models describing galactic chemical evolution.
  • Examination of the production pathways for elements beyond hydrogen and helium.

    • Main Results:

    • The production of common elements like H, O, C, and N is primarily driven by well-understood stellar and cosmological nuclear processes.
    • The overall history of galactic chemical evolution remains less understood, impacting our knowledge of elemental abundances.
    • Current understanding limits accurate predictions of the prevalence of habitable planets around other stars.

    Conclusions:

    • The abundance of life-essential elements is a direct consequence of cosmic nuclear processes.
    • Further research into galactic chemical evolution is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the Universe's composition.
    • Accurate estimation of habitable exoplanets requires a more complete picture of cosmic chemical history.