Sensitivity theory and mental retardation: why functional analysis is not enough

Area of Science:

• Behavioral Science
• Psychology
• Applied Behavior Analysis

Background:

• Sensitivity theory posits aberrant behavior stems from reinforcement contingencies, motivation, and environments.
• Applied behavior analysis primarily addresses contingencies and environments, not motivation.
• Current behavioral treatments may be less effective due to neglecting aberrant motivation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the role of aberrant motivation in aberrant behavior.
• To highlight the limitations of current applied behavior analysis (ABA) in addressing motivation.
• To discuss implications for communication theory, assessment, and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• Theoretical analysis based on sensitivity theory.
• Critique of applied behavior analysis (ABA) practices.
• Discussion of implications for future research and clinical practice.

Main Results:

• Applied behavior analysts (ABAs) focus on external factors (contingencies, environments) rather than internal motivation.
• Failure to address aberrant motivation (e.g., excessive desire for attention) limits treatment durability and generalization.
• Current ABA practices may lead to repeated treatment of the same individuals.

Conclusions:

• Addressing aberrant motivation is essential for effective and lasting behavioral change.
• Integrating motivation-focused strategies could enhance ABA.
• Further research is needed on the interplay of motivation, environment, and behavior.