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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in cell-to-cell electrical coupling associated with left ventricular hypertrophy

M Cooklin1, W R Wallis, D J Sheridan

  • 1Institute of Urology and Nephrology, University College London, UK.

Circulation Research
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Hypertrophied guinea pig hearts show increased intracellular resistivity due to higher junctional resistance between cells. This altered electrical conduction in cardiac muscle may contribute to arrhythmias.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology
  • Myocardial Structure

Background:

  • Cardiac hypertrophy, induced by aortic constriction, alters heart structure and function.
  • Understanding electrical impedance in myocardial tissue is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiac conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure intracellular impedance in hypertrophied guinea pig myocardium.
  • To investigate the effects of aortic constriction on myocardial electrical properties.
  • To correlate changes in intracellular impedance with altered cell-to-cell communication.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized alternating current impedance analysis on myocardial preparations at varying frequencies and temperatures (20°C and 37°C).
  • Employed n-heptanol and isolated myocyte suspensions for control experiments to differentiate sarcoplasmic and junctional resistance.

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  • Quantified changes in heart weight-to-body weight ratio to assess the degree of cardiac hypertrophy.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified two distinct time constants related to surface membranes and intracellular pathways.
    • Aortic constriction led to significant cardiac hypertrophy, increasing heart weight-to-body weight ratio.
    • Intracellular resistivity increased in hypertrophied hearts, primarily due to a marked rise in junctional resistance between cells (44% at 20°C, 140% at 37°C).
    • Sarcoplasmic resistivity remained unchanged, while n-heptanol selectively affected junctional resistance.

    Conclusions:

    • Cardiac hypertrophy significantly increases junctional resistance in guinea pig ventricular myocardium.
    • Elevated junctional resistance alters intracellular electrical conduction.
    • These electrophysiological changes in hypertrophied myocardium may underlie the increased susceptibility to arrhythmias.