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Diving decompression fails to activate complement

K A Shastri1, G L Logue, C E Lundgren

  • 1Center for Research and Education in Special Environments and Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14214, USA.

Undersea & Hyperbaric Medicine : Journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
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This study found no significant complement activation during decompression after hyperbaric air dives, even in subjects who developed bubbles or decompression sickness. Complement activation tests did not predict bubble formation or susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Hyperbaric Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Decompression from hyperbaric exposure can cause intravascular bubble formation.
  • The role of complement activation in bubble formation and decompression sickness (DCS) is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate complement activation during decompression after air dives.
  • To investigate the association between in vitro complement activation susceptibility and in vivo complement activation and bubble formation.
  • To determine if complement activation parameters can predict DCS.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified intravascular bubbles using Doppler ultrasound.
  • Assessed complement activation via plasma C3a des Arg and red-cell-bound C3d.
  • Performed in vitro complement activation susceptibility tests on pre-dive sera.

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Main Results:

  • A high incidence of intravascular bubbles (74/92 dives) was observed.
  • No significant in vivo complement activation was detected.
  • In vitro tests did not identify a complement-sensitive group or correlate with bubble formation.
  • Subjects with DCS did not differ in complement activation or sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Complement activation does not appear to play a significant role in bubble formation or DCS after hyperbaric air dives.
  • In vitro complement activation susceptibility tests are not predictive of in vivo responses or bubble formation in this context.