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Characterizing swallowing abnormalities in progressive supranuclear palsy

I Litvan1, N Sastry, B C Sonies

  • 1Neuroepidemiology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9130, USA.

Neurology
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients frequently experience dysphagia, or swallowing difficulties. A simple questionnaire and oral motor exam can effectively identify these swallowing problems in PSP patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Dysphagia is an early, undercharacterized sign of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
  • This swallowing impairment can predispose patients to aspiration pneumonia.
  • Early identification of dysphagia is crucial for managing PSP complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fully characterize dysphagia in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a swallowing questionnaire and oral motor examination in identifying dysphagia in PSP.
  • To compare swallowing and oral motor function in PSP patients versus healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 27 PSP patients and 28 healthy controls using swallowing questionnaires, oral motor/speech exams, and modified barium swallow or ultrasound studies.

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  • Utilized ANOVA, nonparametric correlations, and logistic regression for statistical analysis.
  • Assessed associations between swallowing abnormalities and motor/cognitive deficits.

    • Main Results:

    • PSP patients reported significantly more dysphagia complaints than controls.
    • PSP patients exhibited impaired oral motor skills and speech, with fewer continuous swallows and longer swallow durations.
    • Swallowing questionnaire and oral motor exam accurately predicted objective swallowing abnormalities in PSP patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Dysphagia is a prevalent and significant issue in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).
    • A swallowing questionnaire and oral motor examination provide a cost-effective method for predicting dysphagia in PSP.
    • While often associated, dysphagia and dysarthria (speech difficulties) do not always co-occur in PSP patients.