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Experimental toxoplasmosis in broiler chicks

C N Kaneto1, A J Costa, A C Paulillo

  • 1Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Campus de Jaboticabal-UNESP, Brazil.

Veterinary Parasitology
|May 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Chicken toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), can be transmitted through oocysts. T. gondii was detected in various chicken organs, highlighting potential public health risks from consuming chicken meat.

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Parasitology research·2011

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Foodborne Illness Research
  • Poultry Health Management

Background:

  • Toxoplasmosis is a significant zoonotic disease with economic implications in poultry farming.
  • Understanding transmission routes and organ distribution of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in chickens is crucial for public health.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the economic and public health impact of chicken toxoplasmosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate chicken toxoplasmosis as an economic and public health concern.
  • To determine the impact of different T. gondii developmental stages on broiler chickens.
  • To identify the most infectious T. gondii stage and the primary infected organs in chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally infected 84 broiler chicks with tachyzoites, cysts, or oocysts of T. gondii.

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  • Monitored productivity (weight gain, feed conversion), clinical signs, rectal temperature, and parasitemia over 30 days.
  • Performed artificial peptic digestion on 12 organs/tissues and inoculated mice to detect T. gondii presence post-slaughter.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in productivity or major clinical signs were observed between infected and control groups.
    • Hyperthermia was occasionally noted in chicks infected with tachyzoites and oocysts.
    • T. gondii was isolated from multiple organs, with the brain being the most frequently infected; oocysts were the most significant source of infection.

    Conclusions:

    • Oocysts are the most important T. gondii developmental stage for chicken infection.
    • The brain is the most infected organ in chickens, but T. gondii can also be found in skeletal and heart muscles.
    • Chicken meat poses a potential public health risk due to T. gondii contamination, necessitating further attention.