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Sex differences in pathological gambling using gaming machines

K Ohtsuka1, E Bruton, L DeLuca

  • 1Department of Psychology, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. ohtke@cougar.vut.edu.au

Psychological Reports
|June 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study found no significant sex differences in pathological gambling or guilt among Australian poker machine users. Unhappiness, however, was a significant predictor of pathological gambling behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Gambling Studies
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Recent introduction of poker machines in Australia has led to claims of increased gambling problems among women.
  • US research indicates a higher incidence of pathological gambling in men.
  • This study addresses the need for Australian-specific data on gambling behaviors and associated factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if women exhibit more pathological gambling symptoms than men in Australia.
  • To assess if women report higher gambling-related guilt.
  • To investigate if mood states predict pathological gambling among game machine users.

Main Methods:

  • A modified South Oaks Gambling Screen was administered to 104 game machine users (60 women, 44 men) in Melbourne, Australia.

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  • Participants were sampled from patrons at local gaming venues.
  • Data collected included gambling behavior, guilt, and self-assessed mood states.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were found between men and women regarding the proportion of pathological gamblers or gambling-related guilt.
    • Self-reported Happiness, Propensity for Boredom, and Loneliness significantly predicted scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen.
    • Unhappiness emerged as a significant independent predictor of pathological gambling.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings challenge the notion of higher pathological gambling rates in women in the Australian context.
    • Unhappiness may be a key factor driving pathological gambling, potentially indicating a coping mechanism or a consequence of impaired control.
    • Further research is recommended to elucidate the complex relationship between mood states and pathological gambling.