[Cataract extraction by phacoemulsification using in situ nuclear fracture technique]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Surgical Techniques
• Cataract Surgery

Background:

• Senile cataract presents a significant challenge in ophthalmic surgery.
• Traditional phacoemulsification techniques carry risks of nuclear material displacement.
• A novel approach is needed to improve safety and efficacy in cataract removal.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the efficacy and safety of the in situ nuclear fracture technique during phacoemulsification.
• To evaluate the prevention of nuclear fragment collapse into the anterior chamber.
• To assess visual outcomes and complication rates associated with this technique.

Main Methods:

• Phacoemulsification utilizing the in situ nuclear fracture technique was performed.
• Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was conducted in conjunction.
• The procedure was applied to 55 eyes of 52 patients diagnosed with senile cataract.

Main Results:

• Successful completion of the in situ nuclear fracture technique in 92.72% of cases.
• Average phacoemulsification time was 2.26 minutes.
• Low rates of vitreous loss (5.46%) and corneal endothelial cell loss (12.13%) were observed, with 72.72% achieving visual acuities of 0.5 or better post-operation.

Conclusions:

• The in situ fracture technique is a viable and effective method for phacoemulsification.
• Key procedural elements include selecting softer nuclei, continuous capsulorhexis, and complete hydrodissection.
• Quadrant-by-quadrant nuclear fracturing is crucial for successful outcomes.