Posterolateral lumbar fusion using facet joint fixation with biodegradable rods: a pilot study

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomaterials Science
• Spinal Fusion Techniques

Background:

• Lumbar posterolateral fusion is a common procedure for spinal instability.
• Enhancing fusion stability and healing rates remains a clinical challenge.
• Biodegradable materials offer potential advantages in bone healing augmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of biodegradable rods in augmenting lumbar posterolateral fusions.
• To assess the impact of transarticular biodegradable rods on fusion stability and healing rates.
• To investigate the safety profile of biodegradable rods in spinal fusion.

Main Methods:

• Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) was employed for precise stability assessment.
• Eleven patients with lumbosacral degeneration underwent posterolateral fusion augmented with biodegradable rods.
• Patients were monitored monthly postoperatively using RSA for up to 1 year.

Main Results:

• All seven L5-S1 fusions achieved solid healing.
• Rapid intervertebral stabilization was observed, with most L5-S1 fusions stable within 6 months.
• No radiographic signs of osteolysis were detected around the biodegradable rods.
• Three of four L4-S1 fusions showed persistent intervertebral translation at 1 year.

Conclusions:

• Posterolateral L5-S1 fusion augmented with transarticular biodegradable rods demonstrates potential for rapid stabilization and high healing rates.
• Biodegradable rods may enhance initial fusion stability and ossification without adverse effects.
• Further investigation is warranted, especially for L4-S1 fusions, to optimize outcomes.