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Psychological factors in the longitudinal course of battering: when do the couples split up? When does the abuse

N S Jacobson1, J M Gottman, E Gortner

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98105, USA.

Violence and Victims
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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This study tracked 45 batterers and their spouses for two years. While some reduced violence, complete cessation was rare, and emotional abuse persisted, impacting relationship stability.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Criminology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Domestic violence is a significant societal issue with complex dynamics.
  • Understanding the long-term course of battering is crucial for intervention and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal course of battering over a 2-year period.
  • To identify predictors of relationship stability and violence reduction among batterers.
  • To examine changes in physical and emotional abuse over time.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study design involving 45 batterers and their spouses.
  • Assessment using self-report, psychophysiological measures, and marital interaction analysis.
  • Data collection at baseline and a 2-year follow-up.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • 62% of couples remained together; 38% separated or divorced.
  • A predictive model using six variables accurately identified 90.2% of separations.
  • Of couples remaining together, 54% reduced severe violence, but only 7% achieved complete desistance.
  • Husbands with continued severe violence exhibited more domineering and abusive behaviors.
  • Emotional abuse levels did not decrease, even when physical violence lessened.

Conclusions:

  • Relationship stability is predictable, but long-term violence reduction is challenging.
  • Complete cessation of violence is rare; emotional abuse often persists.
  • Interventions should address both physical and emotional abuse for sustained change.