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Cardiovascular health risks related to overweight
N D Ernst1, E Obarzanek, M B Clark
1Obesity Education Initiative, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7938, USA.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
|July 1, 1997
Summary
Dietary surveys indicate increased energy intake and rising overweight prevalence in US adults. Despite lower blood pressure and cholesterol, overweight is linked to cardiovascular risks, highlighting the need for energy balance.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Cardiovascular Health
Background:
- Dietary surveys are crucial for understanding population health trends.
- Obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors are significant public health concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine trends in energy and fat consumption.
- To assess overweight prevalence and its association with blood pressure and cholesterol.
- To evaluate high blood pressure and cholesterol prevalence in overweight individuals.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional surveys of the US civilian noninstitutionalized population.
- In-home interviews and clinical examinations.
- Analysis of data from participants aged 20 years and older.
Main Results:
- Mean energy intake may have increased, while fat intake as a percentage of energy decreased but remained high.
- Overweight prevalence has increased, despite a decrease in high blood pressure and cholesterol prevalence.
- Higher body mass index (overweight) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Healthcare providers should emphasize energy balance for weight management.
- Focusing solely on fat intake is insufficient for achieving recommended body weight.
- Addressing energy balance is critical for preventing and managing overweight and associated cardiovascular risks.