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Developmental outcome at 18 months of children less than 1000 grams

J A Dezoete1, B A MacArthur, S Aftimos

  • 1Child Development Unit, National Women's Hospital, Auckland.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|June 13, 1997
PubMed

Insights

This audit of extremely low birth weight infants found a 21% disability rate at 18 months. Despite risks, 64% of high-risk infants progressed well, highlighting the value of ongoing audits.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Development
  • Public Health Audits

Background:

  • Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants represent a high-risk population requiring close monitoring.
  • Previous literature indicates varying developmental outcomes for ELBW survivors.
  • Audits are crucial for assessing care quality and identifying areas for improvement in neonatal units.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an audit of 105 extremely low birth weight infants at 18 months corrected age.
  • To identify developmental problems and assess outcomes in this cohort.
  • To establish a foundation for future research and quality improvement initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Infants born between 1990-1992 were categorized (I-IV) based on their 18-month developmental outcomes.
  • Perinatal variables were analyzed in relation to these outcome categories.
  • Data from 105 ELBW infants were included in the analysis.

Main Results:

  • The overall disability rate (categories I and II) was 21%.
  • 15% of infants exhibited slow motor development and/or tonal abnormalities.
  • Notably, 64% of high-risk infants demonstrated positive progression (category IV).
  • Chronic lung disease and intraventricular hemorrhage significantly impacted subsequent development.
  • No significant outcome differences were observed between small-for-gestational-age and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants.

Conclusions:

  • This audit supports the utility of systematic reviews in neonatal units caring for ELBW infants.
  • The findings provide valuable data for benchmarking and quality improvement.
  • Ongoing audits are essential for optimizing care and outcomes for vulnerable ELBW populations.
Abstract

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