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Myelin basic protein binding cells in active multiple sclerosis

A A Vandenbark, J V Hallum, R L Swank

    Annals of Neurology
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Blood cells binding myelin basic protein (BP) are elevated in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients during exacerbation or recent remission. These BP-binding cells indicate active or recent disease activity in MS patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimmunology
    • Clinical immunology
    • Biomarker discovery

    Background:

    • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system.
    • Identifying reliable biomarkers for MS disease activity is crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and significance of blood cells binding myelin basic protein (BP) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • To correlate BP-binding cells with different MS disease states: exacerbation, remission, and progressive disease.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a sensitive, antigen-specific rosetting technique to enumerate blood cells binding myelin basic protein (BP).
    • Assessed BP rosette-forming cells in patients with MS in exacerbation, remission, progressive MS, and in healthy and neurological controls.

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    Main Results:

    • Elevated BP rosette-forming cells were detected in 16 of 23 MS patients during exacerbation.
    • Seven of 48 MS patients in remission showed elevated BP-binding cells, with five having recent exacerbation (within 4 months).
    • Eight of 20 patients with progressive MS (disease duration >4 years) also had BP rosette-forming cells, while controls showed minimal to no such cells.

    Conclusions:

    • BP-binding cells are primarily associated with active or recently active multiple sclerosis (MS).
    • The presence of BP-binding cells may serve as a potential indicator of disease activity in MS patients, particularly in acute exacerbation or within four months post-activity.
    • BP-binding cells were also observed in a subset of long-standing progressive MS patients, suggesting a possible role in chronic disease phases.