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Summary
Basal cell carcinoma rarely invades nerves internally, even in its sclerosing form. This study details two rare cases of basal cell carcinoma with endoneurial invasion, causing localized neuralgia and trigeminal neuralgia.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Neurology
- Oncology
Background:
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer.
- Perineural invasion (PNI) by BCC is a known, albeit uncommon, complication.
- Endoneurial invasion, the infiltration of the inner nerve lining, by BCC is exceptionally rare.
Observation:
- Two cases of BCC exhibited diffuse infiltration extending into the endoneurium.
- Carcinoma cells were observed within the endoneurium, a lymphatic-free anatomical region.
- Affected nerves showed signs of axonal degeneration.
Findings:
- This study documents the rare occurrence of endoneurial invasion by basal cell carcinoma.
- The intraneural BCC infiltration was associated with trigeminal neuralgia and localized neuralgia.
- The presence of carcinoma cells within the endoneurium and subsequent axonal degeneration were key findings.
Implications:
- Understanding rare BCC invasion patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
- Intraneural BCC invasion may contribute to neuropathic pain symptoms.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and clinical significance of endoneurial BCC invasion.