Acquired motor neuron disorders

The acquired motor neuron disorders are a heterogeneous group of conditions in which motor neuron degeneration or dysfunction produces the predominant manifestation of weakness, while the sensory system is clinically spared. The disorders most commonly seen in clinical practice are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, late manifestations of poliomyelitis, and lower motor neuron syndromes, including motor neuropathy. Less often, acquired motor neuron disorders may complicate metabolic, toxic, or systemic disorders. The pathogenesis of most acquired motor neuron disorders is poorly understood, and treatment is mainly supportive; however clues to understanding the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are emerging, and new pharmacologic therapies are available. There is a growing sense of hope that combinations of drugs that are currently being tested may impact the survival of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.