Keratin pattern in hyperkeratotic and ulcerated gastric pars oesophagea in pigs

Ulceration of the gastric pars oesophagea is a serious problem in the pig industry, and in spite of numerous studies the underlying mechanisms of the development of such ulcers remains largely unknown. The present study was designed first to test the hypothesis that the epithelium of the pars oesophagea of affected pigs would be more susceptible to the irritating action of acidic gastric content owing to a change in the pattern of expression of keratin, and second to look for a member of the keratin family that could be a suitable indicator of early lesions. Samples were collected from the gastric pars oesophagea of slaughter pigs with and without grossly visible mucosal changes, and the keratin patterns of normal and hyperkeratotic and ulcerated epithelium were compared immunohistochemically. The keratin pairs K 4/K 13, and K 5/K 14 were present in both normal and affected epithelia, and had a similar pattern of expression in both conditions. K 4 and K 13 were expressed in all the suprabasal layers, and K 5 and K 14 were expressed only in the basal and epibasal cells. Immunological reactivity with the monoclonal antibodies LL020 and LHK6-markers for hyperproliferative conditions-was present in the suprabasal layers of the epithelium of the hyperkeratotic and the ulcerated pars oesophagea but not in the normal epithelium. These results indicate that K 6 is expressed in association with the mucosal changes. The pattern of the intermediate filaments of keratin suggests that in basic to gastric ulcers in pigs there is an epithelial proliferation leading to visible hyperkeratosis.