[The structural organization of arterial branchings]

The study presents the results of examination of arterial ramifications of some organs in man and laboratory animals. Musculoelastic sphincters (MES) were found in orifices of different caliber arteries using a complex of histological, histoenzymochemical and experimental methods. Three types of these structures were distinguished. It was shown that in disorders of blood circulation in patients with congenital heart diseases and in dogs with models of the defect the extent of sphincter apparatus increases. MES role is limited to regulation of regional hemodynamics and maintenance the adequacy between organ blood influx and the level of their functioning.