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Rural-urban differences in psychiatric status and functioning among clients with severe mental illness

S L Dottl1, J R Greenley

  • 1Mental Health Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

Community Mental Health Journal
|August 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study compared severe mental illness (SMI) clients in rural versus urban areas. Rural clients showed more general pathology and less vocational activity, differing from urban counterparts.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Rural Health
  • Mental Health Services Research

Background:

  • Most severe mental illness (SMI) research focuses on urban populations.
  • Understanding the needs of SMI clients in rural and small urban areas is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the psychiatric status, daily living activities, and social/vocational functioning of SMI clients in rural and small urban areas.
  • To identify specific challenges faced by SMI individuals in non-urban settings.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study of 1600 adult clients with SMI across 18 rural and small-city counties in Wisconsin.
  • Assessment of psychiatric status, activities of daily living, and social and vocational functioning.

Main Results:

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  • Rural SMI clients were less likely to have schizophrenia or organic brain syndrome diagnoses.
  • Rural clients exhibited higher general psychopathology, including increased belligerent, bizarre, nervous, and depressive behaviors.
  • Fewer vocational activities were reported among rural SMI clients compared to urban clients.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences exist in psychiatric status and functioning between rural and urban SMI populations.
  • Rural SMI clients may require tailored interventions addressing higher general pathology and limited vocational opportunities.
  • Further research is needed to understand and address the unique needs of SMI individuals in rural environments.