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Effects of different formulations of mitoxantrone (solutions, nanospheres, liposomes) on glaucoma surgery in rabbits
Abstract:
Pharmacological blockade of fibroblastic proliferation after glaucoma filtration surgery by using antimitotic agents in different formulations (liposomes, nanospheres) is of great clinical interest. However, only limited comparative data are available on the effect of encapsulated drugs on intraocular pressure (IOP) after filtering surgery. Therefore we have studied the effect on IOP of liposomes, nanospheres and a solution of mitoxantrone (MTO), a well-known antimitotic, in rabbits before and after sclerectomy. MTO in solution form, as well as in a liposome formulation, improved the outcome of the surgery by reducing IOP when administered subconjunctivally just following surgery. This effect was similar to mitomycin-C application. In contrast, neither prior administration nor subconjunctival nanosphere injections induced a reduction in IOP. Liposome administration demonstrated no delayed action or promoting effect but reduced the occurrence of corneal opacity observed in groups treated with MTO in solution.
Insights
Liposomes carrying mitoxantrone effectively reduced intraocular pressure after glaucoma surgery in rabbits, similar to mitomycin-C. Nanospheres were ineffective, and liposomes also reduced corneal opacity compared to mitoxantrone solutions.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Glaucoma filtration surgery aims to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP).
- Fibroblastic proliferation can impede surgical success.
- Antimitotic agents are explored to prevent fibroblastic proliferation, but comparative data on formulations are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of mitoxantrone (MTO) in different formulations (liposomes, nanospheres, solution) in controlling IOP after glaucoma filtration surgery.
- To evaluate the effect of MTO formulations on post-surgical complications like corneal opacity.
Main Methods:
- Rabbits underwent sclerectomy (a type of glaucoma filtration surgery).
- Mitoxantrone (MTO) was administered via subconjunctival injection in solution, liposome, or nanosphere formulations before or after surgery.
- Intraocular pressure (IOP) was monitored, and corneal opacity was assessed.
Main Results:
- Subconjunctival MTO in solution and liposome formulations, administered post-surgery, significantly reduced IOP, comparable to mitomycin-C.
- Pre-operative administration or subconjunctival nanosphere injections of MTO did not reduce IOP.
- Liposome formulation of MTO reduced corneal opacity compared to MTO in solution.
Conclusions:
- Subconjunctival liposomal mitoxantrone is a promising formulation for managing IOP after glaucoma filtration surgery.
- Liposomal delivery of MTO offers a potential advantage by reducing corneal opacity compared to MTO solution.
- Nanoparticle formulations require further investigation for efficacy in this context.