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Uric acid lithiasis in the Sudan

A Ibrahim, M Zein, O Beleil

    The Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Uric acid stones are common in Sudan, often mixed with calcium oxalate. This is likely due to high rates of hyperuricemia and voluntary dehydration, particularly in males aged 30-40.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Urology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Urinary calculi (kidney stones) pose a significant health challenge globally.
    • Uric acid stones are a notable subtype, influenced by metabolic and environmental factors.
    • Previous research indicated a high prevalence of hyperuricemia in the Sudanese population.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the composition of urinary calculi in Sudan.
    • To explore the potential contributing factors to uric acid stone formation in this region.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of urinary calculi composition from Sudanese patients.
    • Correlation of stone composition with patient demographics and lifestyle factors.

    Main Results:

    • 57% of urinary calculi analyzed contained uric acid.
    • 20% were pure uric acid stones, while 37% were mixed, primarily with calcium oxalate.
    • Peak incidence of urolithiasis observed in males aged 30-40 years.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperuricemia and voluntary dehydration are probable key factors in uric acid stone formation in Sudan.
    • The surface deposition of calcium oxalate on uric acid stones contributes to the large calculi frequently seen in the country.

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