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Reconstructing labroid evolution with single-copy nuclear DNA

J T Streelman1, S A Karl

  • 1Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa 33620-5150, USA.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|July 22, 1997
PubMed
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Molecular data challenges traditional fish classification. The study reveals that labroid families, previously thought to be a natural group based on their pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA), are not monophyletic, suggesting independent evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Ichthyology
  • Molecular Phylogenetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The fish suborder Labroidei comprises 15% of living fish species, known for diverse behaviors and ecology.
  • Labroids share a specialized pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA) for prey processing, often cited as evidence for their monophyly.
  • However, beyond the PJA, robust evidence for the monophyly of Labroidei has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the fish suborder Labroidei.
  • To test the monophyly of Labroidei using single-copy nuclear DNA data.
  • To re-evaluate the evolutionary significance of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA) in fish phylogeny.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular phylogenetic analysis using single-copy nuclear DNA.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of molecular data with morphology-based phylogenies.
  • Analysis of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA) as an evolutionary marker.

    • Main Results:

    • Molecular phylogenetic analysis using single-copy nuclear DNA data does not support the monophyly of Labroidei families.
    • Contrary to morphology-based studies, labroid families do not form a natural group.
    • Pharyngognathy, characterized by the PJA, appears to have evolved independently multiple times within labroid families.

    Conclusions:

    • The pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA) is not a reliable indicator of perciform evolution or labroid monophyly.
    • Conventional views on fish phylogeny, particularly regarding Labroidei, are challenged by molecular evidence.
    • This study necessitates novel concepts for understanding piscine life history evolution.