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The accumbens: beyond the core-shell dichotomy
L Heimer1, G F Alheid, J S de Olmos
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908, USA.
Summary
Recent discoveries illuminate the accumbens, crucial for neuropsychiatry. Its shell compartment shows unique drug responses and connections, offering insights into brain function and disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neuropsychiatry
Background:
- The nucleus accumbens and associated structures are vital in neuropsychiatry.
- Understanding these areas is key to addressing neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent discoveries concerning the accumbens, focusing on its role in neuropsychiatry.
- To highlight the functional-anatomical significance of neuronal ensembles and specific accumbens compartments.
Main Methods:
- Review of histological and neurochemical data.
- Analysis of neuronal circuits, particularly with the mesencephalic dopamine system.
- Examination of "striatal patches" development and the accumbens core/shell division.
Main Results:
- The accumbens is divisible into core and shell compartments based on distinct features.
- The accumbens shell exhibits a close relationship with the extended amygdala.
- The accumbens shell demonstrates unique responses to antipsychotic and psychoactive drugs.
Conclusions:
- The accumbens shell is a highly diversified region critical for understanding neuropsychiatric conditions.
- Neuronal ensembles and specific accumbens circuitry are important functional-anatomical units.
- Further research into the accumbens, especially its shell, holds promise for novel therapeutic strategies.