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Nitric oxide inhibits enterocyte mitochondrial phospholipase D
M Madesh1, K A Balasubramanian
1The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College Hospital, Vellore, India.
FEBS Letters
|August 18, 1997
Summary
Oxidative stress damages mitochondria via phospholipase D (PLD) activation, altering membrane lipids. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibits this PLD activity, preventing mitochondrial damage and suggesting a protective role in pathological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Mitochondrial damage is a key feature of cell death in oxidative stress and related diseases.
- Changes in mitochondrial membrane lipid composition are implicated in this damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of phospholipase D (PLD) in mitochondrial membrane lipid alteration.
- To determine the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on oxidant-induced mitochondrial damage.
Main Methods:
- Assessed intestinal mitochondrial phospholipase D (PLD) activity.
- Investigated the effects of oxidants, Ca2+, polyamines, and nitric oxide (NO) on mitochondrial lipids.
- Utilized haemoglobin as a nitric oxide scavenger.
Main Results:
- Intestinal mitochondria possess an active PLD, activated by oxidants, Ca2+, or polyamines, leading to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) degradation and phosphatidic acid (PA) formation.
- Nitric oxide (NO) inhibited PLD activity, preventing lipid alteration.
- Haemoglobin reversed the NO-mediated inhibition, confirming NO's role.
Conclusions:
- Oxidant-induced activation of mitochondrial PLD alters membrane lipid composition, contributing to mitochondrial damage.
- Nitric oxide (NO) protects mitochondria by inhibiting PLD activity.
- NO may prevent mitochondrial damage in pathological conditions involving oxidative stress.