Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
11:14

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

HIV in intensive care--a 3 years experience

S D Kulkarni1, N D Karnik, P G Jiandani

  • 1Department of Medicine, LTM Medical College and Hospital, Sion, Mumbai.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|July 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Critically ill patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) increased from 1992 to 1994. Acute poisoning was a leading cause, highlighting the need for intensive care and infection control.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The incidence of critically ill patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) admitted to medical intensive care units (MICUs) has been increasing.
  • Understanding the patterns of critical illness in HIV patients is crucial for resource allocation and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively analyze the characteristics, indications for admission, interventions, and outcomes of critically ill HIV patients in a MICU.
  • To identify key challenges and opportunities for improving care for this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A three-year prospective study involving 62 critically ill HIV patients admitted to the MICU.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, reasons for admission, interventions performed, and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • The percentage of HIV patients in the MICU rose from 0.86% in 1992 to 3.17% in 1994.
  • Neurological conditions (32.5%), sepsis syndrome (29%), and acute poisoning (16.1%) were the most common presentations.
  • Acute poisoning was identified as a significant preventable cause for MICU admission.
  • Mortality was high, particularly among ventilated patients (92.9%), compared to the overall HIV mortality (46.8%).
  • A survival rate of 53.2% was achieved despite resource limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Critically ill HIV patients require intensive care management with stringent infection control measures.
  • Preventable conditions like acute poisoning should be targeted to reduce MICU admissions.
  • Effective management strategies can lead to notable survival rates even in resource-constrained settings.

More Related Videos

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment07:21

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment

Published on: June 23, 2019

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models09:54

Chronic, Acute, and Reactivated HIV Infection in Humanized Immunodeficient Mouse Models

Published on: December 3, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
Acute Respiratory Failure-I01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-I

Acute respiratory failure is a condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to perform their primary function: gas exchange. This failure leads to insufficient oxygen levels (hypoxemia) in the blood, elevated carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia), or both, causing critical impairment in organ function.
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...