Clinical complications of HIV infection

HIV infection results in a profound weakening of the immune system that leaves the patient vulnerable to a bewildering array of clinical complications. Understanding of the pathogenesis of these clinical complications, knowledge of the current stage and treatment of HIV infection, and recognition of certain clinical syndromes can help the clinician sort through these potential complications, prioritize them, and formulate a plan for diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a summary of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the most common complications of HIV infection.