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Related Experiment Videos

Brain mechanisms associated with top-down processes in perception

C Frith1, R J Dolan

  • 1Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|August 29, 1997
PubMed
Summary
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Perception integrates sensory input with prior knowledge in distinct brain

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Perception results from sensory input interacting with prior knowledge.
  • Brain mechanisms for integrating sensory data and prior knowledge are key to understanding perception.
  • Dysfunction in these mechanisms may underlie conditions like schizophrenia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a model of perception involving distinct brain 'sites' and 'sources'.
  • To explore the neural basis of selective attention, mental imagery, and hallucinations.
  • To investigate the role of prior knowledge in distinguishing self-generated actions from external stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Review of functional imaging studies in humans.
  • Analysis of effects of selective attention and prior knowledge on visual processing.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of brain activity during mental imagery and in patients with schizophrenia.

    • Main Results:

    • Selective attention and prior knowledge modulate activity in early visual processing areas.
    • Parietal and prefrontal cortices act as 'sources' applying prior knowledge.
    • Mental imagery involves prior knowledge influencing sensory areas without direct input.
    • Schizophrenia-related hallucinations may stem from impaired self-monitoring of actions.

    Conclusions:

    • Perception relies on a dual-process model involving sensory analysis ('sites') and knowledge application ('sources').
    • Aberrant self-monitoring mechanisms in schizophrenia contribute to hallucinations and delusions.
    • Understanding these neural processes is crucial for treating psychiatric disorders.