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Gender differences in body dysmorphic disorder

K A Phillips1, S F Diaz

  • 1Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA.

The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
|October 6, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study explored gender differences in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). While most BDD symptoms were similar between men and women, specific preoccupations and comorbid conditions varied, influenced by cultural factors.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Gender differences in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are under-researched.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for targeted diagnosis and treatment.
  • Sociocultural influences may shape the manifestation of BDD symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and delineate gender-specific variations in the clinical presentation of BDD.
  • To compare demographic characteristics, symptomology, treatment history, and comorbidities between men and women with BDD.
  • To explore the potential role of cultural norms in observed gender differences in BDD.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 188 subjects diagnosed with BDD.
  • Utilized standardized instruments to assess demographics, BDD features, treatment history, and comorbid Axis I disorders.

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  • Statistical analysis to compare variables between male and female participants.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant gender differences in overall BDD prevalence or rates of major depression.
    • Women more frequently preoccupied with hips/weight, exhibited skin picking, used makeup for camouflage, and had comorbid bulimia nervosa.
    • Men more frequently preoccupied with body build/genitals/hair thinning, used hats for camouflage, were unmarried, and had alcohol use disorders.

    Conclusions:

    • Clinical features of BDD are largely similar across genders, but specific symptom content and comorbidities show notable differences.
    • Observed variations align with general population gender differences, suggesting cultural influences on BDD symptom expression.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the interplay of gender, culture, and BDD phenomenology.