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Permeation of antimicrobial agents through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: a simple method
M Shigeta1, G Tanaka, H Komatsuzawa
1Department of Urology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
Abstract:
In this study, we evaluated the permeation of piperacillin (PIPC), imipenem (IPM), amikacin (AKM), gentamicin (GM), ofloxacin (OFLX), levofloxacin (LVFX), ciprofloxacin (CPFX) and sparfloxacin (SPFX) through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm with a simple new method. Bacteria used were a leucine-requiring mucoid mutant. Bacteria were grown on the membrane of a cell culture insert in chemically defined medium and incubated at 37 degrees C for 5 days. At days 0, 1, 3 and 5, the penetration rates through the biofilms were measured. PIPC and IPM demonstrated relatively high permeation both with penetration rates at day 5 of 50%, whereas AMK and GM, which are aminoglycosides, showed low permeation both with penetration rates after day 1 of less than 25%. Among the 4 fluoroquinolones, LVFX and SPFX demonstrated excellent permeation with penetration rates that reached 100% from day 0 to 5, while OFLX and CPFX showed almost the same permeation as IPM. This method of measuring penetration rates of antimicrobial agents through biofilm is very simple and useful for the evaluation of antibiotics against biofilm-forming bacteria.
Insights
This study assessed antibiotic penetration through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Levofloxacin and sparfloxacin showed excellent permeation, while piperacillin and imipenem had moderate penetration.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms pose significant challenges in clinical settings due to their inherent resistance to antibiotics.
- Evaluating antibiotic penetration through biofilms is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the permeation rates of various antibiotics through Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms using a novel, simple method.
- To compare the efficacy of different antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones, in penetrating biofilms.
Main Methods:
- Cultured a leucine-requiring mucoid mutant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on cell culture insert membranes for 5 days at 37°C in a chemically defined medium.
- Measured the penetration rates of piperacillin, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and sparfloxacin through the developed biofilms at days 0, 1, 3, and 5.
Main Results:
- Piperacillin (PIPC) and imipenem (IPM) exhibited moderate permeation, with penetration rates reaching 50% by day 5.
- Aminoglycosides amikacin (AKM) and gentamicin (GM) showed poor permeation, with rates below 25% after day 1.
- Levofloxacin (LVFX) and sparfloxacin (SPFX) demonstrated excellent permeation, achieving 100% penetration from day 0 to 5.
- Ofloxacin (OFLX) and ciprofloxacin (CPFX) displayed permeation rates comparable to imipenem.
Conclusions:
- The developed method provides a simple and effective means to evaluate antibiotic penetration through biofilms.
- Levofloxacin and sparfloxacin are promising agents for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm infections due to their superior penetration.
- Significant differences in biofilm penetration exist among antibiotic classes, highlighting the need for tailored therapeutic approaches.