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Related Experiment Videos

Blastomycosis in children

B Varkey1

  • 1Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.

Seminars in Respiratory Infections
|October 6, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric blastomycosis is often acquired via respiratory inhalation, with many children remaining asymptomatic. Diagnosis relies on persistent respiratory symptoms, endemic area history, and imaging, with Amphotericin B as an effective treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Blastomycosis is a fungal infection primarily affecting the lungs.
  • Children are susceptible, especially those in or traveling to endemic regions.
  • Infection is typically acquired through respiratory inhalation of fungal spores.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of blastomycosis in children.
  • To highlight key differences in presentation and dissemination between pediatric and adult cases.
  • To inform clinicians on diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for pediatric blastomycosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on pediatric blastomycosis.
  • Analysis of clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.

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  • Comparison of disease patterns in children versus adults and in different epidemiological settings.

    • Main Results:

    • Many pediatric cases are asymptomatic or present with non-specific respiratory symptoms mimicking common infections.
    • Extrapulmonary dissemination is more frequently reported in children than in adults, particularly in chronic or non-outbreak cases.
    • Chest radiography may show infiltrates, consolidation, nodules, or cavitation.
    • Diagnosis is suspected based on persistent symptoms, endemic exposure, and imaging findings, confirmed by microscopy and culture.
    • Amphotericin B is the primary effective treatment, with limited data on oral azoles in children.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric blastomycosis requires a high index of suspicion, especially with persistent respiratory symptoms and relevant travel/residence history.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment, often with Amphotericin B, are crucial for favorable outcomes.
    • Further research on long-term outcomes and alternative treatments in children is warranted.