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[Reference values in vision development of infants with clinical use of the Teller Acuity Cards]
1Augenklinik mit Poliklinik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen, Nürnberg.
Insights
Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) provide reliable infant visual acuity measurements, with success rates highest for infants aged 5-11 months. This study established new clinical standards for grating acuity development in infants.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Optometry
- Developmental Neuroscience
Context:
- Clinical visual testing in infants presents challenges in measurement standardization and reliability.
- Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) are widely used, but their application across different infant age groups requires further investigation.
- Understanding the success rate of visual acuity tests in newborns and infants under real-world clinical conditions is crucial.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the reliability and clinical success rate of Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) for visual acuity testing in infants.
- To establish standardized measurement conversion data for TAC, adapting them for clinical use with infants.
- To determine age-specific reliability and optimal testing parameters for infant grating acuity assessment.
Summary:
- This study converted TAC measurements from cy/cm to cy/deg, creating age-specific grating acuity standards for infants up to one year.
- Clinical testing of 98 infants demonstrated a 90.8% success rate in determining visual acuity within 3-5 minutes.
- Measurement reliability was highest in infants aged 5-11 months, influenced by test duration and repetition, leading to age-specific card selection.
Impact:
- Provides a validated method for assessing infant visual acuity using TAC, contributing to early detection of visual impairments.
- Establishes new clinical standards for grating acuity development in infants, aiding pediatric eye care professionals.
- Highlights the importance of age-appropriate testing protocols to maximize the reliability of visual acuity measurements in young children.
Background:
Using Teller Acuity Cards (TAC) for clinical visual testing, the question arose how our measurements fitted in the different standard tables of the producer's hand-book. In addition, we wanted to investigate how reliable the measurements of newborn and infants were and what the examination success rate under clinical conditions was.
Methods:
At the paediatric clinic of the University of Erlangen, we tested the binocular grating acuity of 98 infants up to the age of one year, using the complete set of Teller acuity cards. In addition, 41 of the children underwent a monocular vision test.
Results:
1. Theoretical: At first we calculated conversion data for our card set. Using this conversion scale from cy/cm in cy/deg and the corresponding vision equivalent we produced our own standards for the development of grating acuity up to the age of one year. 2. Clinical: In 3-5 min per clinical examination we could determine for 90.8% of the patients a vision equivalent. The reliability of the results was age dependent and was at its best at the age of 5-11 months. The reliability was also very dependent on the duration of the test and the number of test runs. This resulted in a limited card choice for each age group.