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Speech perception by prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants

R S Tyler1, H Fryauf-Bertschy, D M Kelsay

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|October 23, 1997
PubMed
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Cochlear implants improve speech perception in deaf children, especially with early use. Performance gains are seen in stress and word recognition within a year, though open-set word perception improves slowly.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Prelingual deafness presents significant challenges to speech perception development.
  • Cochlear implantation is a key intervention for restoring auditory function in deaf children.
  • Understanding the trajectory of speech perception gains is crucial for optimizing outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the speech perception performance of prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants (CIs).
  • To investigate the impact of age at implantation and duration of CI use on speech perception.
  • To evaluate audiovisual speech perception and lipreading abilities in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Speech perception tests were administered to 50 prelingually deaf children (ages 2-15) with up to 5 years of CI use.

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  • Tests included recognition of stress, consonants, vowels, words (closed- and open-set), and sentences.
  • Audiovisual perception and lipreading were also assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant gains in stress and closed-set word recognition occurred within 1 year of CI use.
    • Open-set word perception showed slower improvement over time.
    • Children implanted before age 4 generally scored higher; congenital deafness yielded better results than acquired prelingual deafness after 3 years.
    • Audiovisual enhancement was observed for all tested features, while lipreading improved independently.

    Conclusions:

    • Cochlear implantation facilitates speech perception development in prelingually deaf children.
    • Early implantation (before age 4) appears beneficial for long-term outcomes.
    • Individual variability is substantial, highlighting the need for personalized rehabilitation strategies.
    • Audiovisual integration plays a significant role in speech perception with CIs.