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Characterization of several pseudorabies viral strains by virus-neutralization test using monoclonal antibodies
E O Nosetto1, M G Echeverria, T Horimoto
1Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, Argentina.
Abstract:
In the present study, five mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the pseudorabies virus (PRV) Yamagata-81 strain were produced. The MAbs were used in cross-neutralization tests and cross-indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against three PRV viral strains isolated in Argentina and another four obtained from the United States, Japan, France, and Sweden. Four of five MAbs needed the presence of complement to produce or enhance neutralization activity. No differences were observed by ELISA. The MAbs showed different neutralizing activity against PRV strains, suggesting phenotypic heterogeneity among them.
Insights
Five mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) targeting pseudorabies virus (PRV) showed varied neutralization activity against different PRV strains. Complement was often required for MAb neutralization, indicating phenotypic heterogeneity among PRV strains.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide.
- Understanding PRV strain diversity is crucial for developing effective control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To produce and characterize monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the Yamagata-81 strain of PRV.
- To evaluate the neutralizing activity and antigenic properties of these MAbs against diverse PRV isolates.
Main Methods:
- Production of five mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against PRV Yamagata-81.
- Cross-neutralization tests and cross-indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed.
- MAbs were tested against seven PRV strains from different geographical origins.
Main Results:
- Four out of five MAbs required complement to neutralize PRV, or to enhance neutralization.
- No antigenic differences were detected among PRV strains using ELISA.
- MAbs exhibited differential neutralizing activity against various PRV strains.
Conclusions:
- The study suggests phenotypic heterogeneity among PRV strains based on differential MAb neutralization.
- Monoclonal antibodies can be valuable tools for characterizing PRV diversity.
- Complement-dependent neutralization is an important factor in MAb efficacy against PRV.