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Analysis of immunoglobulin deficiency cases: a five year study
Y S Thakar1, C Chande, A G Dhanvijay
1Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Nagpur.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|July 1, 1997
Summary
Immunoglobulin deficiency affects 55 individuals, with secondary deficiencies more common in conditions like multiple myeloma and leprosy. Early detection requires strong clinical-laboratory collaboration.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Immunology
- Immunopathology
- Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine
Background:
- Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM) levels are crucial indicators of immune status.
- Deficiencies can be primary (genetic) or secondary (acquired) and impact various age groups.
- Accurate estimation of immunoglobulins is vital for diagnosing immune-related disorders.
Observation:
- 734 clinical and 100 control serum samples were analyzed using single radial immunodiffusion.
- Immunoglobulin deficiencies were identified in 55 individuals (31 males, 24 females).
- Secondary immunoglobulin deficiency was more prevalent than primary deficiency.
Findings:
- Secondary deficiencies were most frequent in Multiple myeloma (16/32), Leprosy (14/250), and Lymphoma (5/43).
- Primary deficiencies included Idiopathic late onset immunoglobulin deficiency (6 cases), dysgammaglobulineamia (2), and Ataxia telangiectasia (1).
- Specific deficiencies noted: Panimmunoglobulin (6), dual deficiency (11), isolated IgA deficiency (20), absent IgG/IgA (1 each), and undetectable IgM (7).
Implications:
- Highlights the association of immunoglobulin deficiencies with diverse clinical disorders.
- Underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for immunoglobulin deficiency.
- Emphasizes the necessity of close clinician-laboratory communication for effective diagnosis and management.