Use of an open stereotactic ring for neurosurgical procedures

We describe an open ring as a new design to the Zamorano-Dujovny (Z-D) stereotactic unit. The titanium base ring has an opening of 45 degrees that can be located in any chosen position. Imaging studies such as computed tomography, X-ray, positron emission tomography, digital angiography, and digital substraction angiography can be performed with the open stereotactic ring for multimodality image localization. Preoperatively and intraoperatively, this open design provides the anesthesiologist with an unobstructed pathway for airway management. During the surgical procedure, it facilitates approach to any intracranial lesion, including orbitozygomatic, combined supra-infratentorial, and others. During awake craniotomies it not only allows for easy airway management, but also provides good access to the patient's face for intraoperative evaluation of speech and visual functions. Accuracy and reliability of this unit were similar to results obtained with the original circular ring. This system can be used in conventional stereotaxis with the Z-D arc, as well as a reference for intraoperative registration with any digitizer system. The open stereotactic unit is a relatively inexpensive, reliable, and easy-to-use solution for resections using conventional stereotaxis or interactive image guidance in any intracranial site.